Understanding Ozone
Ozone that is part of the Earth's upper atmosphere is helpful to us; it shields us from ultraviolet radiation. But ozone that accumulates at ground level is dangerous. Ozone at ground level damages lung tissue in people, and new research shows that it also damages growing plants and can affect agriculture. Breathing ozone can worsen bronchitis, emphysema, and asthma. "Bad" ozone (ground-level ozone) also can reduce lung function and inflame the linings of the lungs. Repeated exposure may permanently scar lung tissue. Healthy people also experience difficulty breathing when exposed to ozone pollution.
Ozone can trigger a variety of health problems including chest pain, coughing, throat irritation, and congestion. Because ozone forms in hot weather, anyone who spends time outdoors in the summer may be affected, particularly children, outdoor workers and people exercising. Children are especially vulnerable because of their developing lungs. Millions of Americans live in areas where the national ozone health standards are exceeded.
Ground-level ozone also damages vegetation and ecosystems. It leads to reduced agricultural crop and commercial forest yields, reduced growth and survivability of tree seedlings, and increased susceptibility to diseases, pests, and other stresses such as harsh weather. In the United States alone, ground-level ozone is responsible for an estimated $500 million in reduced crop production each year. Ground-level ozone also damages the foliage of trees and other plants, affecting the landscape of cities, national parks and forests, and recreation areas.
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